Tag: space

  • King Ottokar’s Sceptre — Answers

    Here are the answers to the thirty questions from the last six days.

    Something different will occur over the next few days. I will pose five questions each day for six days across various subjects, and each answer will begin with a distinct letter of the alphabet. As you likely deduced, five questions per day across six days yields thirty answers, each starting with a unique letter, leaving four unaccounted for. Consequently, four duplicates exist; in their order of appearance, they spell the name of a villainous figure from the eighth volume of a comic originally serialised in the first half of the 20th century. Although this character is not widely known, the aim is to correctly identify the second, duplicate iteration of these initial letters to reveal the name. The answers will not be given on the same day as the questions but at the end.

    Day One

    One

    Moloko Plus, a barbiturate-spiked milk drink, features in which Anthony Burgess novel?

    Answer: A Clockwork Orange.

    Moloko Plus, from the Russian word for milk, is a barbiturate-spiked milk served in the Korova Milk Bar.


    Two

    What is the only planet in our solar system named after a Greek god rather than a Roman one?

    Answer: Uranus.

    Roughly seven decades after its discovery, the planet named after the Greek god Uranus.


    Three

    Israel defeated Egypt, Jordan and Syria in the deftly named 5–10 June 1967 war?

    Answer: Six-day War.

    Tensions had escalated sharply after Egypt closed the Straits of Tiran to Israeli shipping, prompting Israel to launch surprise pre-emptive airstrikes on 5 June that destroyed much of Egypt’s air force. Israeli ground offensives then rapidly captured territory on the Egyptian, Jordanian and Syrian fronts in the Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip, West Bank, East Jerusalem and Golan Heights.


    Four

    What English archaeologist, army officer, diplomat and writer had the forenames Thomas Edward?

    Answer: T.E. Lawrence.

    Thomas Edward Lawrence, known as Lawrence of Arabia, was a British officer, archaeologist, and writer. He played a key role in the Arab Revolt during WWI, capturing Damascus in 1918. Post-war, he worked in the Foreign Office, published Seven Pillars of Wisdom, and contributed to RAF rescue motorboat development.


    Five

    Which letter represents tungsten within the periodic table of elements?

    Answer: W.

    The W is from German Wolfram, which it is also known as. Tungsten is used in English and French, while wolfram is preferred in many European languages and yields the symbol W. Wolfram was accepted by IUPAC in 1949 but revised in 1950; tungsten remains common in Britain and the United States.


    Day Two

    Six

    How many times were the Olympic Games held in Asia during the 20th century?

    Answer: Four.

    During the 20th century (1901–2000), the Olympic Games were held in Asia four times. The Summer Games were staged in 1964 in Tokyo, Japan, and 1988 in Seoul, South Korea. The Winter Games took place in 1972 in Sapporo and 1998 in Nagano, both in Japan.


    Seven

    Farrokh Bulsara became a chemical element, which one?

    Answer: Mercury.

    Freddie Mercury, born Farrokh Bulsara, co-founded Queen with Brian May and Roger Taylor. A British singer, songwriter and pianist, he gained global fame through his vocal range and theatrical style that shaped the band’s artistic direction.


    Eight

    Scientists think the … is a giant spherical shell surrounding the Sun, planets and Kuiper Belt Objects. It’s like a big, thick bubble around our solar system, made of icy, comet-like objects.

    NASA Science

    The statement above comes from NASA Science’s website; which two words have been omitted from it?

    Answer: Oort Cloud.

    Jan Oort proposed the Oort Cloud, a distant spherical shell of icy bodies spanning 2,000–100,000 AU (Astronomical units).


    Nine

    First appearing in the 1979 novel Jailbird, the fictional Ramjac Corporation appears in the writings of which US author?

    Answer: Kurt Vonnegut.

    RAMJAC Corporation, a fictional megacorp in Kurt Vonnegut’s Jailbird, at its peak owns 19 percent of the United States, double the next largest conglomerate in the Free World.


    Ten

    Which religion’s traditional religious dress includes the kushti and sedreh?

    Answer: Zoroastrianism.

    The sedreh is the sacred Zoroastrian undergarment worn with the kushti, or sacred girdle. Both garments form an important part of Zoroastrian religious dress.


    Day Three

    Eleven

    What is the only capital city that features in the Nato phonetic alphabet?

    Answer: Lima.

    Lima is both the capital and the largest city of Peru.


    Twelve

    Which Walter Scott story features Lady Rowena?

    Answer: Ivanhoe: A Romance or Ivanhoe.

    Published in December 1819 as a Waverley novel, Ivanhoe by Walter Scott shifted to the 1190s high-medieval period and became his best-known work with many twentieth-century adaptations.


    Thirteen

    Which letter comes between epsilon and eta in the Greek alphabet?

    Answer: Zeta.

    Zeta is the sixth Greek alphabet letter, pronounced /ˈziːtə/ in the UK and /ˈzeɪtə/ in the US. It has a numerical value of 7 and originates from the Phoenician letter zayin. Zeta influenced the Roman Z and Cyrillic З. The Greek letter zeta was named differently from its Phoenician origin, following the pattern of beta, eta, and theta. Zed, the name for the Latin letter Z in Commonwealth English, derives from zeta. Swedish and many Romance languages use zeta for both Greek and Roman Z forms.


    Fourteen

    The dollar is the currency of which nation on Borneo’s northern coast?

    Answer: Brunei (aka Brunei Darussalam).

    Officially Brunei Darussalam, a Southeast Asian nation on Borneo’s northern coast, is an absolute monarchy led by Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah since 1967. The currency is the Brunei dollar (BND). Rich in petroleum and natural gas, it achieved significant economic growth in the 1990s-2000s. Brunei is highly developed, politically stable, and a member of several international organisations.


    Fifteen

    Who wrote the song Mama Told Me Not To Come?

    Answer: Randy Newman.

    Composed by Randy Newman for Eric Burdon in 1966, ‘Mama Told Me Not to Come’ topped the US Billboard Hot 100 through Three Dog Night in 1970; Tom Jones and Stereophonics reached number four in the UK in 2000.


    Day Four

    Sixteen

    Which West Indian dance shares its name with the first circle of Hell in Dante’s Inferno?

    Answer: Limbo.

    Limbo, originating in Trinidad and Tobago wakes, involves passing under a low bar. Julia Edwards popularised it in the 1950s and toured globally from the 1960s. Limbo, from Latin limbus, denotes a medieval Catholic afterlife state for those dying in original sin without assignment to Hell.


    Seventeen

    What are coloured differently in a person with heterochromia?

    Answer: Eyes.

    Heterochromia involves colour variation in irises, hair or skin, driven by melanin production, delivery and concentration. It may be inherited or result from genetic mosaicism, chimerism, disease or injury, occurring in humans and certain domesticated breeds.


    Eighteen

    Formed in San Francisco in 1965, this US psychedelic rock group gained a f
    Popular following based on their albums but had no great luck with singles, their biggest hit being ‘ Fresh Air’. The band name has some verbal linkage to the chemical Mercury and to text messaging; what is that three-word name?

    Answer: Quicksilver Messenger Service.

    Formed in 1965 in San Francisco, Quicksilver Messenger Service shaped psychedelic rock with jazz, classical and folk influences. Members included John Cipollina, Gary Duncan, Greg Elmore, David Freiberg, Nicky Hopkins and Dino Valenti. Despite limited singles success, albums reached the Top 30; Duncan and Freiberg toured in 2006.


    Nineteen

    Escudella is a traditional stew-soup of which European region?

    Answer: Catalonia (also Valencia).

    Escudella i carn d’olla is a traditional Catalan and Valencian soup with meat and vegetables. Francesc Eiximenis noted daily consumption in the 14th century. It features a pilota, seasonal vegetables, bones and botifarra.


    Twenty

    Truman Capote described which Breakfast at Tiffany’s character as an ‘American geisha’?

    Answer: Holly Golightly.

    Truman Capote’s 1958 novella Breakfast at Tiffany’s depicts a writer’s New York City memories of neighbour Holly Golightly; a 1961 film adaptation followed.


    Day Five

    Twenty-one

    Who was the first actor to refuse the Academy award for Best Actor?

    Answer: George C Scott.

    George Campbell Scott, an American actor known for stern authority roles, declined his Academy Award for Patton. His accolades include two Golden Globes and two Primetime Emmys; his work spanned stage, film and television, often with wives Colleen Dewhurst and Trish Van Devere.


    Twenty-two

    Which great apes are the heaviest tree-dwelling animals?

    Answer: Orangutang.

    Orangutans, genus Pongo, are arboreal great apes in Indonesia and Malaysia, comprising Bornean, Sumatran and Tapanuli species. They are solitary, long-lived, fruit-eating apes with reddish-brown hair; dominant males develop cheek pads.


    Twenty-three

    Kashgar, the westernmost Chinese city, is located in which province?

    Answer: Xinjiang.

    Xinjiang, the largest Chinese division, spans 1.6 million square kilometres with 25 million people. Bordering eight countries and three regions, mountain ranges divide the Dzungarian and Tarim basins; only 9.7% is habitable. Ethnic groups include Uyghurs and Han Chinese.


    Twenty-four

    Who was the first racing driver to win the world title in a car made by his own company?

    Answer: Jack Brabham.

    Brabham, an Australian driver and executive, won three Formula One titles (1959, 1960, 1966) and 14 Grands Prix. Co-founding Brabham in 1960, he remains the only champion in an eponymous car. After retiring in 1970, he returned to Australia.


    Twenty-five

    In computing what is half a byte called?

    Answer: Nibble.

    A nibble is four bits, half a byte, and typically represented by one hexadecimal digit. Four-bit systems use nibbles for storage and operations.

    _____________________________

    Day Six

    Twenty-six

    The 1971 film Up Your Legs Forever was directed by John Lennon and which Japanese multimedia artist?

    Answer: Yoko Ono.

    Up Your Legs Forever, filmed in Manhattan by John Lennon and Yoko Ono without permits, follows a script requiring continuous upward shots of 367 pairs of legs. Participants received $1 and a photograph; notable figures included Shirley Clarke and the New York Dolls.


    Twenty-seven

    In 1977, the guillotine was last used to execute French criminals during whose presidency?

    Answer: Valéry Giscard d’Estaing.

    Valéry Giscard d’Estaing was the President of France from 1974 to 1981. The last person to be executed by a government via guillotine was Hamida Djandoubi, a Tunisian murderer, on 10 September 1977 in France.


    Twenty-eight

    Jai alai is a version of what game?

    Answer: Pelota.

    Pelota (Spanish for ball) refers to the popular and shortened names for a number of ball games: Basque pelota, Jai alai, Palla, Pelota mixteca and Pétanque among others.


    Twenty-nine

    Francis Bacon modelled the ‘screaming pope’ in Head VI (1949) on which Spanish painter’s Portrait of Pope Innocent X?

    Answer: Diego Velázquez (in full Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez).

    Diego Velázquez, a Spanish Baroque painter and leading artist for Philip IV, produced works including Las Meninas. His style influenced later artists, and most pieces are held in the Museo del Prado.


    Thirty

    In 1937, Edwin H Land founded which company to exploit the use of a namesake polarising polymer?

    Answer: Polaroid.

    Founded in 1937 by Edwin H. Land, Polaroid Corporation produced instant film and cameras creating the first instant camera, the Land Camera, in 1948. After bankruptcy in 2001 the assets passed through owners until Wiaczesław Smołokowski acquired them in 2017, enabling Impossible Project to rebrand as Polaroid Originals and later Polaroid.


    King Ottokar’s Sceptre

    The four repeated letters – Z, L, O and P – featured on days 3 to 6 and point you towards Zlop. He’s a villain from Hergé’s King Ottokar’s Sceptre, which ran from 1938 to 1939; as I said in the daily introduction he is not well-known but the aim was to identify the duplicate letters. King Ottokar’s Sceptre satirises Nazi expansionism in Europe as Tintin and Snowy stand up for King Muskar XII’s monarchy in Syldavia.


  • King Ottokar’s Sceptre: Day Two

    Questions Six to Ten

    See Question Six. Olympic Rings.
    Image Wikimedia Commons

    I am posing five questions each day for six days across various subjects, and each answer will begin with a distinct letter of the alphabet. As you likely deduced, five questions per day across six days yields thirty answers, each starting with a unique letter, leaving four unaccounted for. Consequently, four duplicates exist; in their order of appearance, they spell the name of a villainous figure from the eighth volume of a comic originally serialised in the first half of the 20th century. Although this character is not widely known, the aim is to correctly identify the second, duplicate iteration of these initial letters to reveal the name. The answers will not be given on the same day as the questions but at the end.

    Six

    How many times were the Olympic Games held in Asia during the 20th century?


    Seven

    Farrokh Bulsara became a chemical element, which one?


    Eight

    Scientists think the … is a giant spherical shell surrounding the Sun, planets and Kuiper Belt Objects. It’s like a big, thick bubble around our solar system, made of icy, comet-like objects.

    NASA Science

    The statement above comes from NASA Science’s website; which two words have been omitted from it?


    Nine

    First appearing in the 1979 novel Jailbird, the fictional Ramjac Corporation appears in the writings of which US author?


    Ten

    Which religion’s traditional religious dress includes the kushti and sedreh?


    Good Luck! The answers will be posted after day six questions. More questions tomorrow.


  • King Ottokar’s Sceptre: Day One

    Questions One to Five

    My blog will be somewhat different over the next few days. I will pose five questions each day for six days across various subjects, and each answer will begin with a distinct letter of the alphabet. As you likely deduced, five questions per day across six days yields thirty answers, each starting with a unique letter, leaving four unaccounted for. Consequently, four duplicates exist; in their order of appearance, they spell the name of a villainous figure from the eighth volume of a comic originally serialised in the first half of the 20th century. Although this character is not widely known, the aim is to correctly identify the second, duplicate iteration of these initial letters to reveal the name. The answers will not be given on the same day as the questions but at the end.

    One

    Moloko Plus, a barbiturate-spiked milk drink, features in which Anthony Burgess novel?


    Two

    What is the only planet in our solar system named after a Greek god rather than a Roman one?


    Three

    Israel defeated Egypt, Jordan and Syria in the deftly named 5–10 June 1967 war?


    Four

    What English archaeologist, army officer, diplomat and writer had the forenames Thomas Edward?


    Five

    Which letter represents tungsten within the periodic table of elements?


    Good Luck! The answers will be posted after day six questions. More questions tomorrow.


  • Superlatives — Answers

    Here are the answers to today’s questions.

    Inaugural Transatlantic Telegram.
    Image Wikimedia Commons

    The first question is connected to today, 16 August. The subsequent questions are not date-related but continue a Superlative’s theme which moves on from first, to furthest, heaviest, furthest (again) and finally shortest.

    One

    In 1858, Queen Victoria sent the U.S. President the first message via the Transatlantic telegraph. How long did the transmission of the message take:

    1. 7 minutes 
    2. 9 hours
    3. 16 hours

    Answer: 3. 16 hours

    On this day in 1858, the first successful transatlantic telegraph exchange between heads of state took place. Queen Victoria sent the initial message to U.S. President James Buchanan. Although nearly instantaneous by 19th-century standards, the transmission required more than 16 hours. Unfortunately, the cable failed on 1 September, and a functioning line was not restored until 1866.


    Two

    The summit of what stratovolcano is the furthest point from the centre of the Earth?

    1. Chimborazo, Ecuador
    2. Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland
    3. Kogajajima, Japan

    Answer: 1. Mount Chimborazo, Ecuador.

    Chimborazo, an inactive volcano which sits between Guayaquil and Quito, wins due to Earth’s oblate spheroid shape, placing Whymper — the tallest of its four summits — 7,096 feet (2,163 m) farther from the centre of the Earth than Everest. 


    Three

    Which species is the heaviest living monkey?

    1. Mandrill
    2. Nepal Grey Langur
    3. Olive Baboon 

    Answer: 1. Mandrill

    Mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx), is a colourful, sexually dimorphic Old World monkey from west central Africa, closely related to the drill and white-eyelid mangabeys. Active by day on the ground, it eats fruit, seeds and animals in large female-centred hordes; dominant males are solitary outside breeding.


    Four

    On 15 August 2026, how far was Voyager 1 from Earth?

    1. 8.7 billion miles (14.0 billion km)
    2. 11.3 billion miles (18.2 billion km)
    3. 15.9 billion miles (25.6 billion km)

    Answer: 3. 15.9 billion miles.

    Voyager 1 was launched on the 5 September 1977 16 days after Voyager 2. 

    On Wednesday, Nov. 18, 2026, at 2:16:07 a.m. PST, NASA’s Voyager 1 spacecraft will be 16,094,799,096 miles (25,902,068,356 kilometers) away from Earth — or, the distance light travels in 24 hours, also known as one light-day.  
    Voyager 1 will be the first human-made object to reach this distance from Earth, adding to a long list of historic firsts for the mission. Voyager 1 and its twin, Voyager 2, are the only spacecraft to ever operate outside the heliosphere, or the protective bubble of particles and magnetic fields generated by the Sun.
    — NASA


    Five

    What is the fastest time taken to complete the world’s shortest domestic scheduled flight?

    1. 53 seconds
    2. 97 seconds
    3. 131 seconds

    Answer: 1. 53 seconds.

    The shortest domestic scheduled flight is 2.74 km (1.7 miles) between the Orkney islands of Westray and Papa Westray. The flight takes two minutes (including taxiing) and is operated by Loganair which has been flown with Britten-Norman Islander eight-seat aircraft since September 1967. The total distance is less than either of the runways at Heathrow Airport, London, UK. Stuart Linklater announced his retirement as airplane pilot on the record route and between Stronsay, Sanday, North Ronaldsay and Eday in May 2013. He flew the routes 12,000 time over more than 24 years, clocking up 1.3 million miles. Loganair reported that he had set the fastest time for the Westray and Papa Westray route, with 53 seconds.
    — Guinness World Records


  • Superlatives

    Inaugural Transatlantic Telegram.
    Image Wikimedia Commons

    The first question is connected to today, 16 August. The subsequent questions are not date-related but continue a Superlative’s theme which moves on from first, to furthest, heaviest, furthest (again) and finally shortest.

    One

    In 1858, Queen Victoria sent the U.S. President the first message via the Transatlantic telegraph. How long did the transmission of the message take:

    1. 7 minutes 
    2. 9 hours
    3. 16 hours

    Two

    The summit of what stratovolcano is the furthest point from the centre of the Earth?

    1. Chimborazo, Ecuador
    2. Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland
    3. Kogajajima, Japan

    Three

    Which species is the heaviest living monkey?

    1. Mandrill
    2. Nepal Grey Langur
    3. Olive Baboon 

    Four

    On 15 August 2026, how far was Voyager 1 from Earth?

    1. 8.7 billion miles (14.0 billion km)
    2. 11.3 billion miles (18.2 billion km)
    3. 15.9 billion miles (25.6 billion km)

    Five

    What is the fastest time taken to complete the world’s shortest domestic scheduled flight?

    1. 53 seconds
    2. 97 seconds
    3. 131 seconds

    Good luck! I’ll post the answers later.


  • Seconds Out: Round Two — Answers

    Here are the answers to today’s questions.

    Uranus.
    Image science.nasa.gov

    As with yesterday’s questions these are not date-related but follow a theme mentioned in the title.

    One

    Who, in 1965, became the second cricket player to hit six sixes in an over, and whose record did he equal?

    Answers: Ravi Shastri; Gary Sobers.

    On 31 August 1968, Sobers became the first man to hit six sixes off a single six-ball over in first-class cricket, off the bowling of Malcolm Nash in Nottinghamshire’s first innings against Glamorgan at St Helen’s in Swansea. Nash, a seam bowler, decided to try his arm at spin bowling, and this achievement was caught on film. On 10 January 1985, Shastri equalled Sobers’ record by hitting six sixes in an over, off the bowling of Baroda’s Tilak Raj.


    Two

    Which planet in our solar system is an ice giant and the second farthest from the Sun?

    Answer: Uranus.

    Uranus, the seventh planet from the Sun, is one of the two ice giants in our solar system, the other being Neptune. Its interior is thought to consist largely of high-pressure water, ammonia and methane. Uranus has the coldest planetary atmosphere in the Solar System, with minimum temperatures of about −224 °C (−371 °F), and an axial tilt of about 97.8°, causing retrograde rotation. It has a dark ring system, 29 known moons and unusually low internal heat. Discovered by William Herschel in 1781, it was visited by Voyager 2 in 1986, and a dedicated Uranus mission remains a major priority for future planetary exploration.


    Three

    The active volcano Popocatépetl is which country’s second-highest peak? 

    Answer: Mexico.

    Popocatépetl is an active stratovolcano on the borders of the Mexican states of Puebla, Morelos and the State of Mexico, reaching 5,393 m (17,694 ft) and linked to Iztaccíhuatl by the Paso de Cortés. It is Mexico’s second-highest mountain after Citlaltépetl (Pico de Orizaba) at 5,636 m (18,491 ft). Its summit glaciers largely disappeared by 2001 owing to a combination of volcanic activity and climatic warming, and its eruptions primarily produce magnesium-rich andesite and dacite.


    Four

    No Need to Argue (1994) was what band’s second album?

    Answer: The Cranberries.

    No Need to Argue, released on 3 October 1994 via Island Records, is the Cranberries’ best-selling album with over 17 million copies sold by 2014. It includes “Zombie” and is darker than their debut.


    Five

    Jacqueline Roque was the muse and second wife, from 1961, of which artist? 

    Answer: Pablo Picasso.

    Jacqueline Picasso, also known as Jacqueline Roque, Pablo Picasso’s muse and second wife. Their marriage spanned 12 years until his death, during which he produced more than 400 portraits of her—a greater number than for any other partner.


  • Seconds Out: Round Two

    See question 2.
    Image science.nasa.gov

    As with yesterday’s questions these are not date-related but follow a theme mentioned in the title.

    One

    Who, in 1965, became the second cricket player to hit six sixes in an over, and whose record did he equal?


    Two

    Which planet in our solar system is an ice giant and the second farthest from the Sun?


    Three

    The active volcano Popocatépetl is which country’s second-highest peak? 


    Four

    No Need to Argue (1994) was what band’s second album?


    Five

    Jacqueline Roque was the muse and second wife, from 1961, of which artist? 


    Good luck! I’ll post the answers later.


  • Seconds Out — Answers

    Here are the answers to my earlier questions.

    See question three.
    Brünnhilde pleads with her sisters to rescue Sieglinde: (Arthur Rackham, 1910).
    Image Wikimedia Commons

    These questions are not date-related but do follow a theme mentioned in the title.

    One

    What is the title of the second volume of J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings novel?

    Answer: The Two Towers.

    Published in 1954, The Two Towers is the second volume of J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings. Its title remains ambiguous, as five towers appear in the text. The narrative creates suspense through interwoven storylines. Critics have praised its epic and romantic qualities, and it became the basis for Peter Jackson’s 2002 film The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers.


    Two

    When it is visible, it is the most brilliant planet in the sky.

    Encyclopædia Britannica

    The above sentence is from an Encyclopædia Britannica article about a planet. What planet?

    Answer: Venus.

    Venus, second from the Sun and closest large body to Earth, appears near sunrise or sunset as the brightest planet. Although today named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty, ancient records, which include Babylonian, Chinese, Central American, Egyptian, and Greek, show it was studied by multiple civilisations.


    Three

    The third drama conceived and written, yet the second opera in Wagner’s tetralogy Der Ring des Nibelungen. Which mythic creatures does this drama take its name from?

    Answer: Valkyries.

    Die Walküre, the second opera in Wagner’s Der Ring des Nibelungen (The Ring of the Nibelung), premiered in Munich in June 1870 and as part of the cycle in 1876. Based on Norse mythology, it follows Volsung twins Sieglinde and Siegmund, whose love angers the gods. Brünnhilde defies them, saving Sieglinde and her unborn child.


    Four

    The … Revolution created the second independent country in the Americas after the United States became independent in 1783.

    — Office of Historian, U.S. Department of State

    An adjective has been omitted from the preceding quote; which nation does the term describe?

    Answer: Haiti.

    Haitian was removed from the quote. The Haitian Revolution established the second independent American nation after the U.S. in 1783. Haiti, formerly St. Domingue, was a profitable French colony reliant on slave labour. The French Revolution sparked a slave revolt in 1791, led by Toussaint L’Ouverture. U.S. leaders, many of whom were slaveowners, were ambivalent about the revolt. Initially, they aided its suppression but later supported L’Ouverture. Due to policy shifts and domestic issues, the U.S. didn’t recognise Haiti’s independence until 1862. Jefferson initially aided L’Ouverture but later isolated Haiti.


    Five

    Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s second Sherlock Holmes novel involves the theft of the Agra treasure. What is the title of the novel?

    Answer: The Sign of the Four (aka The Sign of Four).

    The Sign of the Four is Arthur Conan Doyle’s second novel featuring Sherlock Holmes. In it, he investigates Mary Morstan’s case involving her missing father. Dr Watson, Holmes’ companion, marries Mary Morstan. Published in February 1890 it followed the first novel, A Study in Scarlet


  • Seconds Out

    See question three.
    Brünnhilde pleads with her sisters to rescue Sieglinde: (Arthur Rackham, 1910).
    Image Wikimedia Commons

    These questions are not date-related but do follow a theme mentioned in the title.

    One

    What is the title of the second volume of J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings novel?


    Two

    When it is visible, it is the most brilliant planet in the sky.

    The above sentence is from an Encyclopædia Britannica article about a planet. What planet?


    Three

    The third drama conceived and written, yet the second opera in Wagner’s tetralogy Der Ring des Nibelungen. Which mythic creatures does this drama take its name from?


    Four

    The … Revolution created the second independent country in the Americas after the United States became independent in 1783.

    An adjective has been omitted from the preceding quote; which nation does the term describe?


    Five

    Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s second Sherlock Holmes novel involves the theft of the Agra treasure. What is the title of the novel?


    Good luck! I’ll post the answers later.


  • There’s a First Time for Everything — Answers

    Here are the answers to today’s questions.

    Statue of Yuri Gagarin,
    outside the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, London, UK.
    Image Wikimedia Commons

    The opening question concerns today’s date, 12 August. The following questions do not relate to the date but continue a theme introduced in the first.

    One

    British surgeon and scientist Joseph Lister performed the first antiseptic surgery on this date. In what decade and in what city did this take place?

    Answer: 1860s; Glasgow, Scotland.

    On 12 August 1865, Joseph Lister, who was the Regius Chair of Surgery, at the University of Glasgow, used carbolic acid to treat James Greenlees’s compound fracture.

    In 1867, Joseph Lister published a series of articles in The Lancet that were to be the first examples of antisepsis in action. Each of the cases occurred during his time working at the Glasgow Royal Infirmary. His first case was a young boy by the name of James Greenlees, who had an open fracture of his leg. Lister set the fracture and dressed the wound in carbolic acid to prevent infection. James made a full recovery. This was the birth of antisepsis.
    — The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow


    Two

    In 1960, which US submarine became the first vessel to execute a submerged circumnavigation of the world?

    Answer: USS Triton.

    USS Triton (SSRN/SSN-586), a unique nuclear-powered radar picket submarine, was the largest, most powerful, and expensive submarine at commissioning in 1959. She completed the first submerged circumnavigation of the Earth in 1960. Obsolete by 1962, she became an attack submarine, flagship, and was decommissioned in 1969.


    Three

    In sport, who won his first men’s grand slam doubles title with Peter Fleming at Wimbledon in 1979?

    Answer: John McEnroe.

    John McEnroe is an American tennis player, ranked world No. 1 in singles for 170 weeks and doubles for 269 weeks. He won 155 titles, including seven singles majors. Known for his skill and rivalries, McEnroe also contributed to five Davis Cup titles and remains active as a television commentator during the majors.


    Four

    Who was the first astronaut to orbit the Earth, and what was the name and number assigned to his spacecraft for the flight?

    Answer: Yuri Gagarin; Vostok 1.

    Launched on 12 April 1961 from Baikonur Cosmodrome, Vostok 1 marked the first human orbital flight when Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to orbit Earth, completing one circuit in 108 minutes before parachuting to the ground apart from his capsule. As a Soviet pilot and cosmonaut, Gagarin, the first person in space died in 1968 in a MiG-15 crash.


    Five

    Clint Eastwood won his first Best Director Oscar for which film? 

    Answer: Unforgiven.

    Unforgiven (1992), directed by Clint Eastwood, stars him as an aging outlaw. Co-starring Gene Hackman, Morgan Freeman, and Richard Harris, it grossed over $159 million. Praised for acting, directing, and cinematography, it won four Oscars, including Best Picture. Eastwood dedicated it to Sergio Leone and Don Siegel. In 2004, Unforgiven was chosen for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress. It was recognised for its cultural, historical, or aesthetic significance, highlighting its enduring impact and importance in American cinema.