Tag: exploration

  • Today’s Firsts | Answers

    The answers to my earlier post are shown highlighted below.

    One

    Svetlana Yevgenyevna Savitskaya.
    Encyclopædia Britannica

    Answer: True

    Svetlana Savitskaya, a Russian former aviator and Soviet cosmonaut, made history as the second woman in space in 1982 when she flew aboard Soyuz T-7. She further broke barriers in 1984, becoming the first woman to fly twice and perform a spacewalk on Soyuz T-12.


    Two

    General Grant, 1861.
    Image Wikipedia

    Answer: False

    On this day, future president Ulysses S. Grant became the first person to be promoted to this rank after the United States Congress passed the necessary legislation authorising it.
    General Bel Riose, a fictional character in Isaac Asimov’s Foundation series, is the last great general of the declining Galactic Empire. In the 1945 novella Dead Hand, Riose targets the Foundation, but is outmanoeuvred by its agents.


    Three

    Cooke and Wheatstone’s five-needle telegraph from 1837.
    Image Wikipedia

    Answer: False

    The William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone telegraph, invented in the 1830s, was the first commercial telegraph system. It employed electromagnetic coils to move needles that indicated letters on a board, catering to users who preferred a visual representation over codes. On 25 July 1837, Cooke and Wheatstone demonstrated their telegraph system, with Cooke stationed at Camden Town and Wheatstone at Euston, both London, UK. Wheatstone transmitted the inaugural message, to which Cooke responded.


    Four

    Robert Edwards and Louise Brown celebrating 25 years of in vitro fertilization (IVF).
    Image Encyclopædia Britannica

    Answer: True

    Louise Joy Brown, born in 1978, was the first human conceived through in vitro fertilisation (IVF) after her parents struggled with infertility. Her sister, Natalie, also conceived through IVF, was the first IVF baby to give birth naturally. In 2010, Robert Edwards, surviving member of the development team, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.


    Five

    Answer: False

    It was correct in a lot of detail, the date, pilot and the English Channel but he did not fly from Le Touquet to Hastings. On 25 July 1909, Louis Blériot became the first person to fly across the English Channel by aeroplane, winning a £1,000 prize from Lord Northcliffe. Despite poor navigation and challenging weather conditions, Blériot successfully completed the 24-mile journey from Les Baraques, near Calais, France, to near Dover Castle, above the cliffs of Dover, England, in just over 30 minutes.

  • Today’s Firsts

    Today’s questions are all about firsts which happened on July 25th. You have simply to decide if each statement is either true or false.

    One

    Svetlana Yevgenyevna Savitskaya.
    Image Encyclopædia Britannica, 24 July 2025.

    On July 25, 1984, Soviet cosmonaut Svetlana Yevgenyevna Savitskaya (pictured) made history as the first woman to walk in space. Is this statement true or false?

    Two

    Is it true or false that today, in 1866, in the United States, Brigadier General Bel Riose was promoted to General of the Army?

    Three

    Today in 1837, Walter Samson and Stewart Cuthbertson successfully demonstrated the first commercial use of an electrical telegraph; this demonstration took place in New York, US. Is this statement true or false?

    Four

    Is it true that Louise Joy Brown, the first human born after conception by in vitro fertilisation (IVF), was born in Greater Manchester, UK, on this day in 1978?

    Five

    On this date in 1909, Louis Blériot embarked on a historic flight from Le Touquet, France. This marked the inaugural crossing of the English Channel in a heavier-than-air aircraft, with the landing occurring near Hastings, England. Is this true or false?

    Good luck! I will post the answers later today.

  • Mrs Bond | Answers

    The answers to my earlier post are shown highlighted below.

    Diana Rigg and George Lazenby. On Her Majesty’s Secret Service, 1969.
    Image Wikipedia

    One

    Answer: Diana Rigg

    Dame Enid Rigg was an English actress known for roles in The Avengers, On Her Majesty’s Secret Service, and Game of Thrones. She won a Tony Award for her role in Medea and received numerous accolades for her contributions to drama.

    All three were Bond Girls with Jill St John appearing as Tiffany Case in Diamonds Are Forever and Shirley Eaton as Jill Masterson in Goldfinger.


    Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay.
    Image Wikipedia

    Two

    Answer: Auckland, New Zealand

    In 1953, Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay of the 1953 British Mount Everest expedition became the first to reach the summit of Mount Everest using the South Col route. The news of their success reached London on the morning of Queen Elizabeth II’s coronation.


    Claus von Stauffenberg.
    Image Wikipedia

    Three

    Answer: Wolfsschanze (Wolf’s Lair), East Prussia

    On 20 July 1944, German resistance members, led by Claus von Stauffenberg, attempted to assassinate Adolf Hitler and overthrow the Nazi regime. The assassination attempt failed, and the subsequent coup d’état, codenamed ‘Operation Valkyrie’, was quickly suppressed by the Nazi regime, resulting in the execution of many conspirators including von Stauffenberg.


    Václav Havel.
    Image Wikipedia

    Four

    Answer: Czechoslovakia

    In 1990, Czechoslovakia held its first free elections in 44 years, resulting in a victory for Civic Forum and Public Against Violence. Despite increasing tensions and the Slovak Declaration of Independence, Václav Havel supported the retention of the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic and resigned as president in 1992. When the Czech Republic was created as one of two successor states, Havel successfully stood for election as its first president on 26 January 1993.


    Aldrin next to the Passive Seismic Experiment Package with the Lunar Module Eagle in the background. Image Wikipedia

    Five

    Answer: 21 hours and 36 minutes

    On 20 July 1969, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin descended to the Moon’s surface in the Eagle lunar module. During the descent, they encountered programme alarms and navigated through a boulder-strewn area. Armstrong successfully landed Eagle with only 216 pounds of fuel remaining, signalling to Mission Control, ‘Houston, Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed’.

    After a longer-than-expected preparation period, Armstrong became the first human to step onto the Moon’s surface, famously declaring, ‘That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind’.

    Armstrong and Aldrin deployed scientific instruments, collected rock samples, and planted a flag on the Moon and left behind memorial items, including a message disk with goodwill statements from world leaders. After a 21 hours and 36 minutes, they safely lifted off in the LM ascent stage to rejoin Michael Collins in lunar orbit.

  • Mrs Bond

    Today, we have another selection of multiple-choice questions.

    Image Wikipedia

    One

    The actress who played Countess Teresa ‘Tracy’ di Vicenzo in the Bond film On Her Majesty’s Secret Service (1969) was born 20 July 1938. Who was she?

    • Diana Rigg
    • Jill St. John
    • Shirley Eaton

    Two

    Edmund Hillary, one of the first two men to reach the summit of Mount Everest, was born 20 July 1919. In what city was he born?

    • Auckland, New Zealand
    • Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
    • Canberra, Australia

    Three

    Claus von Stauffenberg, a German army officer, is most renowned for his unsuccessful attempt on 20 July 1944, to assassinate Adolf Hitler. At which of Hitler’s headquarters was this attempt executed?

    • Felsennest, (Rocky Eyrie), Bad Münstereifel
    • Kehlsteinhaus (Eagle’s Nest), above Obersalzberg near Berchtesgaden, Bavaria
    • Wolfsschanze (Wolf’s Lair), East Prussia

    Four

    On 20 July 1992, Václav Havel resigned as president of…

    • Albania
    • Bulgaria
    • Czechoslovakia

    Five

    On July 20, 1969, during the Apollo 11 mission, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin (Buzz) landed on the Moon in the Lunar Module Eagle. How long did they remain on the Moon between the Eagle’s landing and the ascent stage’s departure for their return journey?

    • 21 hours and 36 minutes
    • 24 hours and 3 minutes
    • 32 hours and 28 minutes

    Good luck! I will post the answers later today.

  • Aye Aye Captain | Answers

    The answers to my earlier post are shown highlighted below.

    Film poster for Captain Corelli’s Mandolin (2001).
    Image MovieDB

    One

    Which Louis de Bernières novel begins with the line, “Dr. Iannis had enjoyed a satisfactory day in which none of his patients had died or deteriorated”?

    Answer: Captain Corelli’s Mandolin

    Captain Corelli’s Mandolin, released simultaneously in the United States as Corelli’s Mandolin, is a 1994 novel by the British writer Louis de Bernières, set on the Greek island of Cephalonia during the Italian and German occupation of the Second World War. In 2003, the novel was listed at number 19 on the BBC’s survey The Big Read. It has been adapted for radio, t#heatre and film, Captain Corelli’s Mandolin (2001)


    The Camels are Coming was the first in the series of Biggles stories by Captain W.E. Johns.
    Image Wikipedia

    Two

    Who wrote the Biggles series of novels?

    Answer: Captain W.E. Johns

    Biggles, a fictional pilot and adventurer, is the hero of the Biggles series of adventure books written by W.E. Johns. The series, which includes nearly a hundred volumes, began in 1932 and continued until Johns’ death in 1968.


    Captain Underpants.
    Image Hero.wikia.com

    Three

    Created by US author Dav Pilkey, which superhero is the alter ego of elementary school principal Mr Krupp?

    Answer: Captain Underpants

    Captain Underpants is a children’s novel series about two fourth graders, George and Harold, who accidentally bring their comic book superhero to life.


    Last expedition of Robert Falcon Scott.
    The image shows Wilson, Scott and Oates (standing); and Bowers and Evans (sitting).
    Image Wikipedia

    Four

    Who led the ill-fated Terra Nova expedition to Antarctica in June 1910?

    Answer: Captain Robert F. Scott

    The Terra Nova Expedition, led by Captain Robert Falcon Scott, aimed to continue scientific research and reach the South Pole. Scott and four companions reached the pole in 1912, only to find they had been beaten by a Norwegian team. All five of the party died on their return journey from the Pole.


    Puppets by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson for Thunderbirds and Captain Scarlet at the National Media Museum, Bradford, England.
    Image Wikipedia

    Five

    Which 1960s sci-fi TV series featured the international security organisation, Spectrum?

    Answer: Captain Scarlet and the Mysterons

    Captain Scarlet and the Mysterons is a British science fiction television series created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson. It was the sixth Anderson series to use Supermarionation puppetry and scale model special effects.

  • Aye Aye Captain

    Today’s answers are all captains.

    Captain Haddock.
    Image Tintin.com

    One

    Which Louis de Bernières novel begins with this line

    Dr. Iannis had enjoyed a satisfactory day in which none of his patients had died or deteriorated.

    Two

    Who wrote the Biggles series of novels?

    Three

    Created by US author Dav Pilkey, which superhero is the alter ego of elementary school principal Mr Krupp?

    Four

    Who led the ill-fated Terra Nova expedition to Antarctica (1910-1913?

    Five

    Which 1960s sci-fi TV series featured the international security organisation, Spectrum?

    Good luck! I will post the answers later today.

  • Reelin’ in the Years | Answers

    The answers to my earlier post are shown highlighted below.

    Post title

    Reelin’ In the Years is a song by Steely Dan, released as the second single from their 1972 debut album, Can’t Buy a Thrill.

    The first ascent of the Matterhorn by Gustave Doré, 1865.
    Image Wikipedia

    One

    The first successful ascent of the Matterhorn was made during the Golden Age of Alpinism. In what year was the mountain conquered?

    Answer: 1865

    The first ascent of the Matterhorn was achieved on 14 July 1865 by Edward Whymper, Lord Francis Douglas, Charles Hudson, Douglas Hadow, Michel Croz and Zermatt guides Peter Taugwalder and his son. During the descent, a tragic accident occurred when Hadow slipped, causing Douglas, Hudson and Croz to fall to their deaths. Whymper and the Taugwalder guides survived, leading to accusations that they cut the rope to save themselves. However, an inquiry found no evidence of such actions, and they were acquitted. Edward Whymper‘s successful ascent of the Matterhorn marked the end of the golden age of alpinism. Jean-Antoine Carrel’s team reached the summit three days later from the Italian side.


    Fireworks of 14 July 2017 in Paris.
    Image Wikipedia

    Two

    The French National Day, le 14 juillet and commonly known in English as Bastille Day, is celebrated on 14 July. It commemmorates the storming of the Bastille on that date but in which year did this take place?

    Answer: 1789

    Bastille Day, celebrated annually on 14 July, commemorates the Storming of the Bastille in 1789 and the Fête de la Fédération. The day is marked by nationwide celebrations, including a military parade on the Champs-Élysées in Paris.


    The City of Chicago, showing the portion of the city burnt in the 1874 “little-big-fire”
    Currier & Ives, from Harper’s Weekly, August 8, 1874, pages 636 and 637; Image provided by Library of Congress
    Image Wikipedia

    Three

    A fire in Chicago ravished 47 acres of the city, destroyed over 800 buildings and killed 20 people. In what year was this fire?

    Answer: 1874

    The Chicago Fire of 1874, which occurred on 14 July, destroyed 812 structures, killed 20 people, and displaced Jewish and African-American communities. The fire insurance industry responded by demanding changes to fire prevention and firefighting efforts, leading to a temporary halt in insurance coverage for the city.


    Inscription ‘Agustín Lizárraga, 1902’.
    Machu Picchu.
    Image (cropped)

    Four

    When was the ‘Lost City of the Incas’, Machu Picchu, discovered?

    Answer: 1902

    “Agustín Lizárraga is the discoverer of Machu Picchu, and lived at San Miguel Bridge just before passing”
    —  Hiram Bingham in his diary on July 25, 1911

    In 1902, Agustín Lizárraga discovered the ruins of Machu Picchu while exploring for new farmland. He later recruited families to settle there and shared the discovery with friends and intellectuals in Cuzco. Tragically, Lizárraga drowned in the Vilcanota River in 1912 while crossing a bridge on his way to his fields. He had inscribed his name and ‘1902’ in charcoal in Machu Picchu which was seen and noted by Hiram Bingham (see quote above) but later erased by him.


    Billy the Kid.
    Image Encyclopædia Britannica

    Five

    In what year was Billy the Kid shot and killed by Sheriff Pat Garrett in the Maxwell House at Fort Sumner, New Mexico?

    Answer: 1881

    On 14 July 1881, Pat Garrett shot and killed Billy the Kid in Fort Sumner, New Mexico. The killing occurred when William Bonney (Billy the Kid) unexpectedly entered a room where Garrett was questioning Pete Maxwell, a friend of Bonney’s. Despite the bounty on Bonney’s head, Garrett was initially denied the reward by the acting governor but later received it from the territorial legislature.

  • Reelin’ in the Years

    Five events, five years but which event happened in which year. The years are

    1789 — 1865 — 1874 — 1881 — 1902

    The first ascent of the Matterhorn by Gustave Doré, 1865.
    Image Wikipedia

    One

    The first successful ascent of the Matterhorn was made during the ‘Golden Age of Alpinism’. In what year was the mountain conquered?

    Two

    The French National Day, le 14 juillet and commonly known in English as Bastille Day, is celebrated on 14 July. It commemmorates the storming of the Bastille in which year?

    Three

    A fire in Chicago ravished 47 acres of the city, destroyed over 800 buildings and killed 20 people. In what year was this fire?

    Four

    The ‘Lost City of the Incas’, Manchu Picchu was discovered in what year?

    Five

    In what year was Billy the Kid shot and killed by Sheriff Pat Garrett in the Maxwell House at Fort Sumner, New Mexico?

    Good luck! I will post the answers later today.

  • V is for… | Answers

    The answers to my earlier post are shown highlighted below.

    Valentina Tereshkova, 1963.
    Image Wikipedia

    One

    The first female to travel in space was…

    Answer: Valentina Tereshkova

    Valentina Tereshkova, a Russian engineer and former Soviet cosmonaut, was the first woman in space, completing a solo mission on Vostok 6 in 1963. She later became a prominent member of the Communist Party and a State Duma member.

    Valentina Tereshkova, 2024.
    Image Wikipedia

    Marlon Brando as Vito Corleone.
    Image Screenrant.com

    Two

    A fictional patriarch who founded the Genco Pura Olive Oil Company was…

    Answer: Vito Corleone

    Vito Corleone, a fictional character in Mario Puzo’s novel The Godfather and the subsequent film trilogy by Francis Ford Coppola, is an Italian immigrant to America who builds a Mafia empire. He is known for his strict moral code of loyalty and respect, and is succeeded by his son Michael as Don of the Corleone crime family.


    Venus de Milo in the Louvre.
    Image Wikipedia

    Three

    What sculpture in the Louvre Museum was discovered on the Greek island of Milos in 1820?

    Answer: Venus de Milo

    The Venus de Milo, a Parian marble statue of a Greek goddess, is likely Aphrodite. It stands over 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) tall and is missing both arms, the left foot and earlobes. Discovered in 1820 by a Greek farmer on the island of Milos, the discovery was witnessed by a French sailor, Olivier Voutier, who encouraged further excavation. It has been in the Louvre since 1821.


    Amerigo Vespucci upon his arrival on his first voyage to the New World, 1497.
    Vespucci is offered native women, notice hammocks in the background. As described in Vespucci’s Letter to Soderini. description (uncertain location, prob. Central America, around Honduras or Yucatan; alternatively poss. Gulf of Paria in Venezuela).
    Engraving from c.1592 by Theodor de Bry (Flemish, 1528-1598).
    Image Wikipedia

    Four

    America is named after Amerigo who?

    Answer: Vespucci (Amerigo Vespucci)

    Amerigo Vespucci, an Italian explorer and navigator, participated in voyages between 1497 and 1504, claiming to have discovered the New World in 1501. His accounts, though disputed, popularised the discoveries and led to the continent being named ‘America’ in his honour.


    A Vogon guard, as seen in the 1981 TV series of The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy.
    Image Hitchhikers Fandom

    Five

    At the start of The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy a ____ Constructor Fleet arrives to destroy Earth to make way for a hyperspace bypass? What word is missing?

    Answer: Vogon (Constructor Fleet)

    The ships of the Vogon Constructor Fleet were described as ‘impossibly huge yellow somethings,’ resembling the bulldozers that demolish Arthur’s house. They appeared to have been congealed rather than constructed and hung in the air in a peculiar manner, similar to bricks. Radar was said to be unable to detect them, and they were capable of travelling through hyperspace.

  • V is for…

    Continuing the alphabet theme and all today’s answers begin with the letter ‘V’.

    Vostok 6.
    Image Wikipedia

    One

    The first female to travel in space was…

    Two

    A fictional patriarch who founded the Genco Pura Olive Oil Company was…

    Three

    What sculpture in the Louvre Museum was discovered on the Greek island of Milos in 1820?

    Four

    America is named after Amerigo who?

    Five

    At the start of The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy a ___ Constructor Fleet arrives to destroy Earth to make way for a hyperspace bypass? What word is missing?

    Good luck! I will post the answers later today.