Gwnewch y pethau bychain mewn bywyd—Atebion*

(“Do ye the little things in life”—Answers*)

Saint David
[Image Wikipedia]
  1. Saint David—Today, March 1st, marks Saint David’s Day. David, a prominent Welsh Christian prelate who served as Bishop of Mynyw in the 6th century and is the patron saint of Wales. His exact birthdate remains uncertain, with estimates ranging from 462 to 512. Traditionally, he is believed to be the son of Non and grandson of Ceredig ap Cunedda. St. David’s profound wisdom is encapsulated in the phrase “Do ye the little things in life.” This timeless advice emphasises the significance of small tasks and details in our daily routines. By cultivating humility, mindfulness, and a present-moment focus, we can unlock the potential for personal growth and spiritual fulfilment. By diligently attending to these minor details, we can pave the way for greater achievements and a deeper connection with ourselves and the world around us.
  2. Massachusetts—In 1692, Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne and Tituba were brought before local magistrates in Salem Village, Massachusetts. This marked the beginning of the infamous Salem witch trials. Tituba was an enslaved Native American but little is known of her. The Smithsonian Magazine says —

    Tituba may have sailed from Barbados in 1680 with Parris [Samuel Parris, the minister in whose household the witchcraft erupted], then still a bachelor and not yet a minister. Though likely a South American Indian, her origins are unclear.

    The Smithsonian Magazine
    David Niven with Oscar (1959)
    [Image Wikipedia]
  3. David Niven—David Niven, an English actor, soldier, and author, initially served in the British Army but returned during World War II. He gained fame in Hollywood, winning an Academy Award and two Golden Globes for films like ‘Separate Tables’ and ‘Around the World in 80 Days’. After studying at Sandhurst, he left the army in 1933 to pursue acting. Niven returned to military service in WWII and earned the Legion of Merit for his contributions to the BBC Allied Expeditionary Forces Programme. Post-war, he continued acting, notably playing James Bond in ‘Casino Royale’ (1967), and enjoyed renewed popularity with his memoir ‘The Moon’s a Balloon’. He also wrote a second novel, ‘Go Slowly, Come Back Quickly’, and appeared in films like ‘Death on the Nile’. Niven passed away in 1983 from ALS, remembered as a charismatic Hollywood figure.
    1966 Soviet Union 6 kopeks stamp. Venera 3 Pendant and Medal.
    [Image Wikipedia]
  4. Venera 3 and Venus—Venera 3, the first spacecraft to land on another planet, crashed on Venus on 1 March 1966 after a course correction manoeuvre. A Soviet space probe, Venera 3 was launched in 1965 to explore Venus’ surface. It comprised an entry probe and a carrier/flyby spacecraft. Contact was lost on 15 February due to overheating.
  5. 1872—Established on March 1, 1872, Yellowstone National Park stands as the first national park dedicated to preserving and showcasing the world’s unique hydrothermal and geologic features. Spanning an expansive 2.2 million acres, visitors are afforded unparalleled opportunities to witness wildlife in their natural habitat and explore geothermal wonders. Yellowstone boasts approximately half of the world’s active geysers, as well as awe-inspiring geologic formations like the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone River.
Horace M. Albright, Superintendent of Yellowstone, with some bears at a table in Yellowstone National Park, 1922.
[Image Wikipedia]

*Atebion and Answers. I hope my translation is correct but if not please accept my apologies.

Gwnewch y pethau bychain mewn bywyd

(“Do ye the little things in life”)

Here are some trivia questions which have some connection to 1 March.

  1. The saying in Welsh at the top of this post is attributed to which Holy man who is connected to March?
    • Saint David
    • Saint Joseph
    • Saint Patrick
    Salem Witch Trials
    [Image Wikipedia]
  2. Three women were brought before local magistrates on 1 march 1692 beginning what would become the Salem Witch Trials. In what colony was Salem?
    • Connecticut
    • Massachusetts
    • Rhode Island
  3. An English actor, soldier and author born this day in 1910 who links Phileas Fogg, The Pink Panther and James Bond. As an officer in the British Army he took part in the World War II Normandy invasion. He also wrote the memoir The Moon’s a Balloon. Who is he?
    • Alec Guinness
    • David Niven
    • Richard Burton
    Solar System
    [Image Wikipedia]
  4. What became the first space craft to land on another planet on this day in 1966 and what planet did it land on?
    • Mars 1 and Mars
    • Mariner 2 and Mercury
    • Venera 3 and Venus
  5. The world’s first national park is established at Yellowstone in the US. This establishment took place on 1 March…
    • 1859
    • 1872
    • 1885

Good luck, the answers will be posted later today.

Who, What, When, Where, Why and How: 26 February—Answers

Who

Johnny Cash

Johnny Cash. [Image Wikipedia]

Johnny Cash’s music explored sorrow, moral dilemmas, and redemption, featuring a deep bass-baritone voice and the Tennessee Three’s distinctive sound.  His free prison concerts and all-black stage attire solidified his iconic status.


What

US Army in Hawaii

From Here to Eternity, US theatrical release poster for the 1951 film. [Image Wikipedia]

James Jones’s debut novel, From Here to Eternity, is set in Hawaii in 1941 and follows the lives of US Army infantry company members. The novel, loosely based on Jones’s experiences, won the National Book Award and was adapted into a successful film.


When

1919

Grand Canyon National Park poster (1938).
[Image Wikipedia]

Grand Canyon National Park in Arizona features the Grand Canyon, a natural wonder of the Colorado River.  The park, spanning over 1.2 million acres, welcomes millions of visitors annually.


Where

Mediterranean Sea

Elba. [Image Wikipedia]

Elba is a Mediterranean island in Tuscany, Italy, known for its natural beauty and historical significance as Napoleon’s first exile site. It is the largest island in the Tuscan Archipelago and part of the Arcipelago Toscano National Park.

Elba, shown here in the Tyrrhenian Sea part of the Mediterranean Sea. [Image Wikipedia]

Why 

Portugal wished to control the Congo Basin

Map showing the Congo River drainage basin.
[Image Wikipedia]

The Berlin Conference of 1884–1885, organised by Otto von Bismarck, regulated European colonisation and trade in Africa. The conference concluded with the signing of the General Act of Berlin. The Berlin Conference, initiated by Portugal and supported by Britain, brought together 14 nations to establish a joint policy for Africa.

Western Lowland Gorilla, an endangered species, in the the Congo River basin. [Image Wikipedia]

How

Novelist


Victor Hugo in 1829, lithograph by Achille Devéria in the collection of the National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C. [Image Wikipedia]

Victor Hugo was a French Romantic author, poet, essayist, playwright, and politician. His most famous works include novels like The Hunchback of Notre-Dame and Les Misérables, as well as poetry collections like Les Contemplations and La Légende des siècles.

Portrait of Victor Hugo, deputy of the Second Republic in 1848, gallery of the representatives of the people of the French National Assembly, Paris. [Image Wikipedia]

Who, What, When, Where, Why and How: 26 February

The following Who, What, When, Where, Why and How all relate to this date: 26 February.

Who

A singer-songwriter born this day in 1932 in Kingsland, Arkansas, US. recorded songs such as Hey, Porter; Cry, Cry, Cry and I Walk the Line and in the 1950s became the top country and western recording artist. He later became a champion for social justice and penal reform.

  • Who is being described?
    • Johnny Cash
    • Jim Reeves
    • Hank Williams

What

From Here to Eternity by James Jones was published today in 1951 and later was adapted into an Academy Award-winning film of the same name.

  • What was the novel mainly about?
    • Roald Amundsen’s South Pole Expedition
    • Roman Catholic Church’s Papal Conclave
    • US Army in Hawaii

When

Grand Canyon
[Image from Wikipedia]

On 26 February the Grand Canyon National Park was established by the US Congress.

  • When was this?
    • 1899
    • 1909
    • 1919 

Where

Napoleon
[Image from Wikipedia]

Napoleon escaped exile from an island on this day in 1815 and made his way to Paris where, on his arrival on 20 March, a period now known as the Hundred Days began.

  • Where was the island situated?
    • South Atlantic Ocean 
    • English Channel
    • Mediterranean Sea

Why

The Berlin West Africa Conference concluded on the 26 February 1885.

  • Why had it been convened some 3 months previously?
    • German Empire sought all territory between the Niger and Zambezi Rivers
    • Portugal wished to control the Congo Basin
    • Great Britain desired sole control of West Africa south of the Sahara

How

Victor Hugo, born today in 1802, is, according to Encyclopædia Britannica, renowned in France as one of the country’s greatest poets but that is not the case abroad.

  • How is he widely thought of elsewhere?
    • As a musician
    • As a novelist
    • As a painter

The answers will be posted later today. 

Blessed Be This Noble Land—Answer

  1. Bechuanaland
  2. Rain

The title of this post Blessed Be This Noble Land is the national anthem of Botswana.

Coat of Arms of Botswana.
[Image from Wikipedia]

The motto Pula, which means rain and also blessing, is the name of Botswana’s currency.

On the 21 February 1966 the Earl of Longford, the British Colonial Secretary, announced that Bechuanaland, a British protectorate, would gain independence on 30th September 1966, subsequently being renamed Botswana.

This landlocked country in Southern Africa is bordered by Namibia (including the Caprivi Strip) to the west and north, Zambia and Zimbabwe to the northeast, and South Africa to the southeast and south. Botswana’s borders feature a minor section along the Zambezi River with Zambia, while its boundary along the Chobe River with Namibia was settled in a 1999 International Court of Justice ruling favoring Botswana. Despite remaining one of the least densely populated nations globally, with over 2.4 million people inhabiting an area similar in size to France, Botswana, named after its dominant Tswana ethnic group, has transitioned from being one of the world’s poorest and least-developed states to a peaceful and increasingly prosperous democratic state. Approximately 70 percent of its flat, topographically consistent territory forms part of the Kalahari Desert.

Blessed Be This Noble Land

Coat of Arms of Botswana.
[Image from Wikipedia]

The British Colonial Secretary, announced on 21 February 1966 that a British protectorate would gain independence later in the year and be renamed Botswana.

  1. What was the name of the British protectorate?
    • Barotseland
    • Bechuanaland
    • Nyasaland
  2. Botswana has a one word motto Pula, what does it mean in English?
    • Lion
    • Rain
    • Self

The answers will be posted later today.

Brief Encounter—Answer

45 minutes

President Francisco Madero. 37th President of Mexico.
[Image from Wikipedia]

Pedro Lascuráin’s 45-minute presidency, unlike other brief period in office, was entirely intentional. Lascuráin played a crucial role in the Mexican Revolution, which involved the transfer of power from President Francisco Madero to dictator Victoriano Huerta. Here’s how it unfolded.

Pedro Lascuráin. 38th President of Mexico.
[Image from Wikipedia]

As the minister of foreign affairs, Lascuráin held the third position—after the president and vice president—in the line of succession to the presidency. However, Huerta exploited this position to his advantage. He orchestrated a fake battle to create unrest and persuade Madero and his vice president to resign. Tragically, they were later murdered while attempting to flee Mexico. Lascuráin ascended to the presidency, but his tenure was marked by only one significant act: appointing Huerta as a member of his cabinet. Subsequently, he promptly resigned, paving the way for the next in line, his new cabinet minister, Victoriano Huerta.

Victoriano Huerta. 39th President of Mexico.
[Image from Wikipedia]

Ten Thousand Leagues Under the Seas—Answer

Q1. A.60 days and 21 hours
Q2. B. USS Triton
Q3. A. Captain Edward L. Beach Jr.
Q4. B. Jules Verne

Map of the 1960 circumnavigation of the world by the U.S. nuclear-powered submarine USS Triton (SSRN-586).
[Image from Wikipedia]

Operation Sandblast, as this first-ever submerged circumnavigation of the globe was named, was accomplished by the United States Navy’s nuclear-powered submarine, USS Triton (SSRN-586), in 1960.

Captain Edward L Beach announcing Operation Sandblast to crew onboard USS Triton, 17 February 1960. [Image from Wikipedia]

First Submerged Circumnavigation

Led by Captain Edward L. Beach Jr., the Triton departed New London, Connecticut on 16 February 1960 to head to the start /finish line for the journey—the St. Peter and Paul Rocks in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, near the Equator.

Details of the Voyage

  • Dates: February 24 to April 25, 1960
  • Duration: 60 days and 21 hours
  • Distance travelled: 26,723 nautical miles* (49,491 km; 30,752 miles)
  • Average speed: 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph)

The Triton crossed the equator four times and notably, Triton’s overall navigational track during Operation Sandblast was similar to that of the historic Spanish expedition that successfully completed the first circumnavigation of the world.

Historic First Circumnavigation

In 1519, Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan started an epic journey that took his expedition all the way around the world; Spanish explorer Juan Sebastián Elcano finished it in 1522. Of the 270 men and five ships that set sail, only about 40 men and one ship made it back. Magellan died in battle in the Philippines in April 1521.

Nao Victoria, the only ship in the fleet to complete the circumnavigation. Detail from a map by Abraham Ortelius, 1590.
[Image from Wikipedia]

*Ten Thousand Leagues Under the Sea

The title is a poetic licence as the actual distance travelled converts to 10,251 leagues. This conversion from 26,723 nautical miles to leagues was carried out at metric-conversions.org.

Ten Thousand Leagues Under the Seas

USS ___ (SSRN-586) heading out for the beginning of the circumnavigation
16 February 1960.
[Image from Wikipedia]

On 16 February 1960 a United States nuclear-powered submarine departed New London, Connecticut to circumnavigate the world whilst submerged. The submarine would follow the route of the first circumnavigation of the world, started under the command of Ferdinand Magellan and completed by Juan Sebastián Elcanofrom between 1519 and 1522.


Q1. How long did this submerged circumnavigation take?
A. 60 days and 21 hours
B. 87 days and 9 hours
C. 115 days and 17 hours

Q2. What submarine carried out this voyage?
A. USS Thresher
B. USS Triton
C. USS Tullibee

Q3. The commanding officer of this submarine also wrote several books, both fiction and non-fiction, including Run Silent, Run Deep: who was he?
A. Captain Edward L. Beach Jr.
B. Captain William D. Sand
C. Captain Thomas J. Shore II

Q4. The title of this piece is a take on the title of the 19th century novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas. Who wrote that novel?
A. Victor Hugo
B. Jules Verne
C. H.G. Wells

The answers will be posted later today.