Quizology.Online

“There is much pleasure to be gained from useless knowledge.”

— Bertrand Russell

Tag: history

  • Far Flung Fortifications Fit VIII

    See question thirty-seven.
    Posthumous Portrait of Shelley Writing Prometheus Unbound, oil on canvas.
    Keats-Shelley Memorial House, Rome, Italy.
    Image Wikimedia Commons

    Over the next nine days, 46 questions will be posed, one for each letter of the alphabet plus 20 others (There will be six one day). The 20 others appear as duplicate letters, and these duplicates spell out the name of the Roman Fortification which in CE 150 to 160 was the furthest boundary from the city of Rome, and the country that it was situated in. It is a three-word answer with eight letters in the first part of the name and four in the second part; the country has eight letters in its name. 
BTW Fit, as used in the post title, is an archaic term meaning ‘a division of a song, ballad, or story’.

    Thirty-six

    Nicolas Cage ate a live cockroach for a scene in which 1980s film?


    Thirty-seven

    The title of which Percy Bysshe Shelley sonnet was the Greek name for Rameses II of Egypt?


    Thirty-eight

    Which Samuel Beckett play’s characters include Vladimir, Estragon, Pozzo and Lucky?


    Thirty-nine

    Which Persian king was assassinated in 465BC by Artabanus, the commander of the royal guard?


    Forty

    What is a tropical cyclone that originates in the Northwestern Pacific Basin known as?


    Good luck! I’ll post the answers after all the questions have ben asked..


  • Far Flung Fortifications Fit II

    Beyoncé, 2003.
    Image Wikimedia Commons

    Over the next nine days, 46 questions will be posed, one for each letter of the alphabet plus 20 others (There will be six one day). The 20 others appear as duplicate letters, and these duplicates spell out the name of the Roman Fortification which in CE 150 to 160 was the furthest boundary from the city of Rome, and the country that it was situated in. It is a three-word answer with eight letters in the first part of the name and four in the second part; the country has eight letters in its name. 
BTW Fit, as used in the post title, is an archaic term meaning ‘a division of a song, ballad, or story’.

    Six

    Beyoncé Knowles portrayed which singer in the 2008 film Cadillac Records?


    Seven

    What US president was in office for 12 years and 39 days?


    Eight

    What character sings Memory at the climax of the musical Cats?


    Nine

    Of what country did Haakon VIII become king in 2006?


    Ten

    In 1873, a club published the rules of polo, which are still followed by most of the world to this day? What club?


    Good luck! I’ll post the answers once all the questions have been asked.


  • Decade Decisions — Answers

    Today’s Answers

    Elizabeth I of England, c.1575.
    Image Wikimedia Commons

    Today’s questions are all related to today, 7th September.

    One

    The first Miss America pageant took place on this day. In what decade, and at what location did this occur?

    Answer: 1920s; Atlantic City, New Jersey, USA.

    The inaugural Miss America pageant began on 7 September 1921, when the two-day Inter-City Beauty event opened in Atlantic City during the Fall Frolic. Margaret Gorman, representing Washington, D.C., secured victory on the first day and again in the Bathers’ Revue the following day. She was named ‘the most beautiful bathing girl in America’.


    Two

    England’s future Queen Elizabeth I was born on this day. In what decade, and at what palace was she born?

    Answers: 1530s; Greenwich Palace.

    Elizabeth I, born on this day in 1533, ruled England from 1558 to 1603. Her reign, known as the Elizabethan Age, saw the country emerge strongly as a leading European force in politics, trade, and the arts.


    Three

    The earliest recorded submarine attack occurred when an attempt was made by the Turtle to fix an explosive device with a timer to the British ship HMS Eagle in a harbour. In what decade, and in what harbour, did this occur?

    Answers: 1770s; New York Harbor.

    American colonial accounts describe how on 7 September 1776, Ezra Lee launched the first submarine strike in the Turtle, aiming to fix a timed explosive to HMS Eagle in New York Harbor, though British records do not confirm the event.


    Four

    A songwriter achieved a record-setting milestone while working at EMI by having written seven simultaneous hits by different artists on the Billboard Hot 100 charts. In what decade did she achieve this, and who was she?

    Answers: 1980’s; Diane Eve Warren.

    Her success drew praise from EMI’s UK Chairman, Peter Reichardt, who famously described her as ‘the most important songwriter in the world’. Although Warren is recognised for her extensive catalogue of hits with some of the most popular artists, she is strongly committed to safeguarding her creative rights; she founded Realsongs to retain ownership of her masters, a step that grants her full control over how her music is used and how revenue is generated.


    Five

    Georgi Markov, a Bulgarian dissident, was assassinated while walking across Waterloo Bridge in London, U.K. by Bulgarian secret police. In what decade did this happen, and what was the weapon speculated to have been used?

    Answers: 1970s; Umbrella.

    On 7 September 1978, Markov felt a sharp pain on his right thigh at a bus stop on Waterloo Bridge and reported seeing a man pick up an umbrella behind him. A post mortem examination later found a tiny pellet measuring 0.067 in (1.70 mm) in diameter in his leg. The assumption is that Francesco Gullino, a Bulgarian secret police agent, killed him using a ricin pellet launched from a purpose-built umbrella.


  • Decade Decisions

    Elizabeth I of England.
    Image Wikimedia Commons

    Today’s questions are all related to today, 7th September.

    One

    The first Miss America pageant took place on this day. In what decade, and at what location did this occur?


    Two

    England’s future Queen Elizabeth I was born on this day. In what decade, and at what palace was she born?


    Three

    The earliest recorded submarine attack occurred when an attempt was made by the Turtle to fix an explosive device with a timer to the British ship HMS Eagle in a harbour. In what decade, and in what harbour, did this occur?


    Four

    A songwriter achieved a record-setting milestone while working at EMI by having written seven simultaneous hits by different artists on the Billboard Hot 100 charts. In what decade did she achieve this, and who was she?


    Five

    Georgi Markov, a Bulgarian dissident, was assassinated while walking across Waterloo Bridge in London, U.K. by Bulgarian secret police. In what decade did this happen, and what was the weapon speculated to have been used?


    Good luck! I’ll post the answers later.


  • An Exercise in Mediocracy — Answers

    Today’s Answers

    Diorama of life on the Capitan Reef, see question two.
    Image Wikimedia Commons

    Today’s questions: an exercise in mediocracy.

    One

    What month is mentioned in the opening sentence of Chapter One of The Thirty-nine Steps by John Buchan?

    Answer: May.

    I returned from the City about three o’clock on that May afternoon pretty disgusted with life.

    — The Thirty-nine Steps, John Buchan.

    The Thirty-Nine Steps, a 1915 adventure novel by John Buchan, introduced Richard Hannay and was serialised before publication. It has been adapted repeatedly and featured in the BBC’s Big Read.


    Two

    What national park of the United States is in the Guadalupe Mountains of New Mexico?

    Answer: Carlsbad Caverns.

    Carlsbad Caverns National Park in New Mexico, established in 1930 and a 1995 World Heritage Site, features the Big Room, North America’s largest chamber. Visitors access Carlsbad Cavern via natural entrance or lift; two-thirds is wilderness.


    Three

    What religious organisation was founded by Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer y Albás?

    Answer: Opus Dei.

    Founded in Spain by Josemaría Escrivá, Opus Dei is a personal prelature approved by Pope Pius XII and affirmed by Pope John Paul II. Laypeople form most members; others are secular priests. Known as ‘the Work’, it trains members in Catholic spirituality across over 90 countries.


    Four

    What was the largest city in the world in the year AD 1, and what was its population?

    Answer: Rome, I million.

    Rome held this position for several centuries before the honour was claimed by Constantinople.


    Five

    Which part of a newt is a potion ingredient mentioned by the second witch in Macbeth?

    Answer: Eye.

    Double, double toil and trouble;

    Fire burn and caldron bubble.

    Fillet of a fenny snake,

    In the caldron boil and bake;

    Eye of newt and toe of frog,

    Wool of bat and tongue of dog,

    Adder’s fork and blind-worm’s sting,

    Lizard’s leg and howlet’s wing,

    For a charm of powerful trouble,

    Like a hell-broth boil and bubble.

    Act 4, Scene 1 Macbeth by William Shakespeare

    — Poetry Foundation


    Mediocracy

    The answers provides us with all the letters from the title:

    1. May gives us three letters from our title word — MAY
    2. Carlsbad Caverns supplies the initials CC
    3. Initials again: Opus Dei = OD
    4. Rome, the R and I (one in Roman numerals)
    5. Eye of newt gives the E
      This results in M A Y C C O D R I E which is an anagram of the post title, mediocracy.

  • An Exercise in Mediocracy

    Diorama of life on the Capitan Reef, see question two.
    Image Wikimedia Commons

    Today’s questions: an exercise in mediocrity.

    One

    What month is mentioned in the opening sentence of Chapter One of The Thirty-nine Steps by John Buchan?


    Two

    What national park of the United States is in the Guadalupe Mountains of New Mexico?


    Three

    What religious organisation was founded by Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer y Albás?


    Four

    What was the largest city in the world in the year AD 1, and what was its population?


    Five

    Which part of a newt is a potion ingredient mentioned by the second witch in Macbeth?


    Good luck! I’ll post the answers later.


  • Stop the Pigeon (Before it is too Old) — Answers

    Today’s Answers

    Today’s questions all relate to the title.

    One

    “Just the place for a …!” the Bellman cried,

              As he landed his crew with care;

    Supporting each man on the top of the tide

              By a finger entwined in his hair.

    What word is missing from the first line of the above?

    Answer: Snark

    The Hunting of the Snark, subtitled An Agony, in Eight Fits, by Lewis Carroll, published in 1876, is a nonsense poem with illustrations by Henry Holiday. It follows a crew hunting the Snark, which turns out to be a Boojum. The poem, dedicated to Gertrude Chataway, has been adapted widely and interpreted in various ways.


    Two

    What, in 1912, was the RMS Titanic’s last port of call before setting out across the Atlantic?

    Answer: Queenstown.

    RMS Titanic originally set sail on 10 April 1912 from Southampton, England; she crossed the English Channel to Cherbourg, France before sailing to Queenstown (now Cobh), County Cork, Ireland, picking up additional passengers at both of these ports before heading into the Atlantic Ocean on her fateful voyage. She struck the iceberg shortly before midnight on the 14 April and about two and a half hours later she broke in two and sank. About 1,500 people perished on the night.


    Three

    Whose 2005 hit song was entitled Caught Up?

    Answer: Usher.

    Caught Up by Usher, from Confessions, was released on 3 January 2005 as the final single. Written by Andre Harris, Vidal Davis, Ryan Toby and Jason Boyd, it reached number eight in the United States and number nine in the United Kingdom. Critics praised the performance; the music video premiered on Fox’s New Year’s Eve Live.


    Four

    The …, the Dish of the Day at The Restaurant at the End of the Universe, is a speaking quadruped, a ruminant specially bred not only to wish to be eaten but also to express this.

    What three words (a fictional breed) are absent from this statement?

    Answer: Ameglian Major Cow.

    In The Restaurant at the End of the Universe, part of The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, an Ameglian Major Cow, bred to want consumption, offers itself at Milliways; Zaphod orders steaks and Arthur a salad. The cow departs to shoot itself humanely, which Arthur finds revolting.


    Five

    The … Overland Mail ran from both Memphis, Tennessee, and St. Louis, Missouri, going via Fort Smith, Arkansas. to San Francisco, California.

    What name is missing from the previous sentence?

    Answer: Butterfield.

    Butterfield Overland Mail operated from 1858 to 1861, carrying passengers and U.S. Mail from Memphis and St Louis to San Francisco via Fort Smith and multiple territories. Congress authorised Aaron V. Brown to contract this service in 1857; the route became a national historic trail in 2023.


    Stop the Pigeon (Before it is too Old)

    The post title is in two parts: ‘Stop the pigeon’ from Dastardly and Muttley in Their Flying Machines (1969) and is only relevant for the inclusion of ‘Pigeon’.  A pigeon, before it is too old, is a squab, and today’s answers begin with S, Q, U, A and B: perhaps a bit cryptic!


  • Stop the Pigeon (Before it is too Old)

    Today’s questions all relate to the title.

    One

    “Just the place for a …!” the Bellman cried,

              As he landed his crew with care;

    Supporting each man on the top of the tide

              By a finger entwined in his hair.

    What word is missing from the first line of the above?


    Two

    What, in 1912, was the RMS Titanic’s last port of call before setting out across the Atlantic?


    Three

    Whose 2005 hit song was entitled Caught Up?

    Answer: Usher.


    Four

    The …, the Dish of the Day at The Restaurant at the End of the Universe, is a speaking quadruped, a ruminant specially bred not only to wish to be eaten but also to express this.

    What three words (a fictional breed) are absent from this statement?


    Five

    The … Overland Mail ran from both Memphis, Tennessee, and St. Louis, Missouri, going via Fort Smith, Arkansas. to San Francisco, California.

    What name is missing from the previous sentence?


    Good luck! I’ll post the answers later.


  • King Ottokar’s Sceptre — Answers

    Here are the answers to the thirty questions from the last six days.

    Something different will occur over the next few days. I will pose five questions each day for six days across various subjects, and each answer will begin with a distinct letter of the alphabet. As you likely deduced, five questions per day across six days yields thirty answers, each starting with a unique letter, leaving four unaccounted for. Consequently, four duplicates exist; in their order of appearance, they spell the name of a villainous figure from the eighth volume of a comic originally serialised in the first half of the 20th century. Although this character is not widely known, the aim is to correctly identify the second, duplicate iteration of these initial letters to reveal the name. The answers will not be given on the same day as the questions but at the end.

    Day One

    One

    Moloko Plus, a barbiturate-spiked milk drink, features in which Anthony Burgess novel?

    Answer: A Clockwork Orange.

    Moloko Plus, from the Russian word for milk, is a barbiturate-spiked milk served in the Korova Milk Bar.


    Two

    What is the only planet in our solar system named after a Greek god rather than a Roman one?

    Answer: Uranus.

    Roughly seven decades after its discovery, the planet named after the Greek god Uranus.


    Three

    Israel defeated Egypt, Jordan and Syria in the deftly named 5–10 June 1967 war?

    Answer: Six-day War.

    Tensions had escalated sharply after Egypt closed the Straits of Tiran to Israeli shipping, prompting Israel to launch surprise pre-emptive airstrikes on 5 June that destroyed much of Egypt’s air force. Israeli ground offensives then rapidly captured territory on the Egyptian, Jordanian and Syrian fronts in the Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip, West Bank, East Jerusalem and Golan Heights.


    Four

    What English archaeologist, army officer, diplomat and writer had the forenames Thomas Edward?

    Answer: T.E. Lawrence.

    Thomas Edward Lawrence, known as Lawrence of Arabia, was a British officer, archaeologist, and writer. He played a key role in the Arab Revolt during WWI, capturing Damascus in 1918. Post-war, he worked in the Foreign Office, published Seven Pillars of Wisdom, and contributed to RAF rescue motorboat development.


    Five

    Which letter represents tungsten within the periodic table of elements?

    Answer: W.

    The W is from German Wolfram, which it is also known as. Tungsten is used in English and French, while wolfram is preferred in many European languages and yields the symbol W. Wolfram was accepted by IUPAC in 1949 but revised in 1950; tungsten remains common in Britain and the United States.


    Day Two

    Six

    How many times were the Olympic Games held in Asia during the 20th century?

    Answer: Four.

    During the 20th century (1901–2000), the Olympic Games were held in Asia four times. The Summer Games were staged in 1964 in Tokyo, Japan, and 1988 in Seoul, South Korea. The Winter Games took place in 1972 in Sapporo and 1998 in Nagano, both in Japan.


    Seven

    Farrokh Bulsara became a chemical element, which one?

    Answer: Mercury.

    Freddie Mercury, born Farrokh Bulsara, co-founded Queen with Brian May and Roger Taylor. A British singer, songwriter and pianist, he gained global fame through his vocal range and theatrical style that shaped the band’s artistic direction.


    Eight

    Scientists think the … is a giant spherical shell surrounding the Sun, planets and Kuiper Belt Objects. It’s like a big, thick bubble around our solar system, made of icy, comet-like objects.

    — NASA Science

    The statement above comes from NASA Science’s website; which two words have been omitted from it?

    Answer: Oort Cloud.

    Jan Oort proposed the Oort Cloud, a distant spherical shell of icy bodies spanning 2,000–100,000 AU (Astronomical units).


    Nine

    First appearing in the 1979 novel Jailbird, the fictional Ramjac Corporation appears in the writings of which US author?

    Answer: Kurt Vonnegut.

    RAMJAC Corporation, a fictional megacorp in Kurt Vonnegut’s Jailbird, at its peak owns 19 percent of the United States, double the next largest conglomerate in the Free World.


    Ten

    Which religion’s traditional religious dress includes the kushti and sedreh?

    Answer: Zoroastrianism.

    The sedreh is the sacred Zoroastrian undergarment worn with the kushti, or sacred girdle. Both garments form an important part of Zoroastrian religious dress.


    Day Three

    Eleven

    What is the only capital city that features in the Nato phonetic alphabet?

    Answer: Lima.

    Lima is both the capital and the largest city of Peru.


    Twelve

    Which Walter Scott story features Lady Rowena?

    Answer: Ivanhoe: A Romance or Ivanhoe.

    Published in December 1819 as a Waverley novel, Ivanhoe by Walter Scott shifted to the 1190s high-medieval period and became his best-known work with many twentieth-century adaptations.


    Thirteen

    Which letter comes between epsilon and eta in the Greek alphabet?

    Answer: Zeta.

    Zeta is the sixth Greek alphabet letter, pronounced /ˈziːtə/ in the UK and /ˈzeɪtə/ in the US. It has a numerical value of 7 and originates from the Phoenician letter zayin. Zeta influenced the Roman Z and Cyrillic З. The Greek letter zeta was named differently from its Phoenician origin, following the pattern of beta, eta, and theta. Zed, the name for the Latin letter Z in Commonwealth English, derives from zeta. Swedish and many Romance languages use zeta for both Greek and Roman Z forms.


    Fourteen

    The dollar is the currency of which nation on Borneo’s northern coast?

    Answer: Brunei (aka Brunei Darussalam).

    Officially Brunei Darussalam, a Southeast Asian nation on Borneo’s northern coast, is an absolute monarchy led by Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah since 1967. The currency is the Brunei dollar (BND). Rich in petroleum and natural gas, it achieved significant economic growth in the 1990s-2000s. Brunei is highly developed, politically stable, and a member of several international organisations.


    Fifteen

    Who wrote the song Mama Told Me Not To Come?

    Answer: Randy Newman.

    Composed by Randy Newman for Eric Burdon in 1966, ‘Mama Told Me Not to Come’ topped the US Billboard Hot 100 through Three Dog Night in 1970; Tom Jones and Stereophonics reached number four in the UK in 2000.


    Day Four

    Sixteen

    Which West Indian dance shares its name with the first circle of Hell in Dante’s Inferno?

    Answer: Limbo.

    Limbo, originating in Trinidad and Tobago wakes, involves passing under a low bar. Julia Edwards popularised it in the 1950s and toured globally from the 1960s. Limbo, from Latin limbus, denotes a medieval Catholic afterlife state for those dying in original sin without assignment to Hell.


    Seventeen

    What are coloured differently in a person with heterochromia?

    Answer: Eyes.

    Heterochromia involves colour variation in irises, hair or skin, driven by melanin production, delivery and concentration. It may be inherited or result from genetic mosaicism, chimerism, disease or injury, occurring in humans and certain domesticated breeds.


    Eighteen

    Formed in San Francisco in 1965, this US psychedelic rock group gained a f
    Popular following based on their albums but had no great luck with singles, their biggest hit being ‘ Fresh Air’. The band name has some verbal linkage to the chemical Mercury and to text messaging; what is that three-word name?

    Answer: Quicksilver Messenger Service.

    Formed in 1965 in San Francisco, Quicksilver Messenger Service shaped psychedelic rock with jazz, classical and folk influences. Members included John Cipollina, Gary Duncan, Greg Elmore, David Freiberg, Nicky Hopkins and Dino Valenti. Despite limited singles success, albums reached the Top 30; Duncan and Freiberg toured in 2006.


    Nineteen

    Escudella is a traditional stew-soup of which European region?

    Answer: Catalonia (also Valencia).

    Escudella i carn d’olla is a traditional Catalan and Valencian soup with meat and vegetables. Francesc Eiximenis noted daily consumption in the 14th century. It features a pilota, seasonal vegetables, bones and botifarra.


    Twenty

    Truman Capote described which Breakfast at Tiffany’s character as an ‘American geisha’?

    Answer: Holly Golightly.

    Truman Capote’s 1958 novella Breakfast at Tiffany’s depicts a writer’s New York City memories of neighbour Holly Golightly; a 1961 film adaptation followed.


    Day Five

    Twenty-one

    Who was the first actor to refuse the Academy award for Best Actor?

    Answer: George C Scott.

    George Campbell Scott, an American actor known for stern authority roles, declined his Academy Award for Patton. His accolades include two Golden Globes and two Primetime Emmys; his work spanned stage, film and television, often with wives Colleen Dewhurst and Trish Van Devere.


    Twenty-two

    Which great apes are the heaviest tree-dwelling animals?

    Answer: Orangutang.

    Orangutans, genus Pongo, are arboreal great apes in Indonesia and Malaysia, comprising Bornean, Sumatran and Tapanuli species. They are solitary, long-lived, fruit-eating apes with reddish-brown hair; dominant males develop cheek pads.


    Twenty-three

    Kashgar, the westernmost Chinese city, is located in which province?

    Answer: Xinjiang.

    Xinjiang, the largest Chinese division, spans 1.6 million square kilometres with 25 million people. Bordering eight countries and three regions, mountain ranges divide the Dzungarian and Tarim basins; only 9.7% is habitable. Ethnic groups include Uyghurs and Han Chinese.


    Twenty-four

    Who was the first racing driver to win the world title in a car made by his own company?

    Answer: Jack Brabham.

    Brabham, an Australian driver and executive, won three Formula One titles (1959, 1960, 1966) and 14 Grands Prix. Co-founding Brabham in 1960, he remains the only champion in an eponymous car. After retiring in 1970, he returned to Australia.


    Twenty-five

    In computing what is half a byte called?

    Answer: Nibble.

    A nibble is four bits, half a byte, and typically represented by one hexadecimal digit. Four-bit systems use nibbles for storage and operations.

    _____________________________

    Day Six

    Twenty-six

    The 1971 film Up Your Legs Forever was directed by John Lennon and which Japanese multimedia artist?

    Answer: Yoko Ono.

    Up Your Legs Forever, filmed in Manhattan by John Lennon and Yoko Ono without permits, follows a script requiring continuous upward shots of 367 pairs of legs. Participants received $1 and a photograph; notable figures included Shirley Clarke and the New York Dolls.


    Twenty-seven

    In 1977, the guillotine was last used to execute French criminals during whose presidency?

    Answer: Valéry Giscard d’Estaing.

    Valéry Giscard d’Estaing was the President of France from 1974 to 1981. The last person to be executed by a government via guillotine was Hamida Djandoubi, a Tunisian murderer, on 10 September 1977 in France.


    Twenty-eight

    Jai alai is a version of what game?

    Answer: Pelota.

    Pelota (Spanish for ball) refers to the popular and shortened names for a number of ball games: Basque pelota, Jai alai, Palla, Pelota mixteca and Pétanque among others.


    Twenty-nine

    Francis Bacon modelled the ‘screaming pope’ in Head VI (1949) on which Spanish painter’s Portrait of Pope Innocent X?

    Answer: Diego Velázquez (in full Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez).

    Diego Velázquez, a Spanish Baroque painter and leading artist for Philip IV, produced works including Las Meninas. His style influenced later artists, and most pieces are held in the Museo del Prado.


    Thirty

    In 1937, Edwin H Land founded which company to exploit the use of a namesake polarising polymer?

    Answer: Polaroid.

    Founded in 1937 by Edwin H. Land, Polaroid Corporation produced instant film and cameras creating the first instant camera, the Land Camera, in 1948. After bankruptcy in 2001 the assets passed through owners until Wiaczesław Smołokowski acquired them in 2017, enabling Impossible Project to rebrand as Polaroid Originals and later Polaroid.


    King Ottokar’s Sceptre

    The four repeated letters – Z, L, O and P – featured on days 3 to 6 and point you towards Zlop. He’s a villain from Hergé’s King Ottokar’s Sceptre, which ran from 1938 to 1939; as I said in the daily introduction he is not well-known but the aim was to identify the duplicate letters. King Ottokar’s Sceptre satirises Nazi expansionism in Europe as Tintin and Snowy stand up for King Muskar XII’s monarchy in Syldavia.


  • Spring to Mind — Answer

    Today’s Answers

    United Nations building.
    Image Wikimedia Commons

    The first question is related to today, 20 August. The subsequent ones relate to each other.

    One

    On 20 August 1968, the Soviet Union led the other member nations of the Warsaw Pact, with the exception of Albania and Romania, in an invasion of Czechoslovakia to end Alexander Dubček’s liberalisation, known as the Prague Spring.

    What country and city respectively are missing from the above statement?

    Answers: Czechoslovakia; Prague.

    The Prague Spring was a period of political liberalisation in Czechoslovakia from January to August 1968, led by Alexander Dubček. It ended with a Soviet-led invasion. Dubček’s reforms included media freedom and decentralisation. Czechoslovakia remained under Soviet control until 1989 and, in 1993, split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia.


    Two

    When the Warsaw Pact was established in 1955, how many nations were members, and what were they?

    Answers: Eight; Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Soviet Union.

    The Warsaw Pact, established in 1955, served as a Soviet-led military alliance opposing NATO during the Cold War. It encompassed the Eastern Bloc states listed above; Albania was removed in 1961 and officially left in 1968, while East Germany exited in 1990 and Romania remained an independent, non-Soviet member. Following the Revolutions of 1989 and German reunification, the pact ended in 1991. Former members such as East Germany, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia later joined NATO.


    Three

    The Soviet Union was also known as the USSR; what did this abbreviation stand for in English; and for how many years did it exist?

    Answer: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; 69 years.

    Established in 1922 and ending in 1991, the Soviet Union was a transcontinental communist state directed by the Communist Party from Moscow. Stalin’s leadership produced industrialisation and purges, while World War II resulted in 27 million deaths. Cold War tensions emerged, and reforms under Gorbachev prompted secession and dissolution. As a superpower, it possessed the largest nuclear arsenal and served on the UN Security Council.


    Four

    Name the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council?

    Answer: China, France, Russia, United Kingdom and United States.

    The UN Charter grants China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States permanent Security Council seats with veto power. Ten elected members complete the 15-state body. The permanent members of the UN Security Council, known as the P5, are China, France, Russia, the UK, and the US. They were WWII Allies and possess nuclear weapons and veto power. The Council has 15 members, with 10 elected. Reform proposals face opposition from the Uniting for Consensus movement.


    Five

    The picture above shows the United Nations Building. What body of water is in the foreground of this picture?

    Answer: East River.

    The United Nations headquarters is located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, completed in 1952. It includes the Secretariat, Conference, and General Assembly buildings. Designed by Wallace Harrison, it is extraterritorial under a U.S. treaty. The UN has regional headquarters in Geneva, Vienna, and Nairobi, but not its specialised agencies. The East River is not a river but a saltwater tidal estuary and strait in New York City linking Upper New York Bay to Long Island Sound. It separates Brooklyn and Queens from Manhattan and the Bronx.